| "This paper describes a new ductility design method of abutment foundations in soil liquefaction situa-tions under large earthquakes. The proposed method was developed for introducing to the 2002 JapaneseSpecifications for Highway Bridges. Based on past damage case histories, several failure scenarios wereassumed that are, as a result, associated with soil liquefaction. Then the proposed design method wasmade to control damage against soil liquefaction situations. The load combinations considered in theproposed method are based on one of the assumed failure scenarios. A practical seismic earth pressureevaluation for high peak ground acceleration levels, as observed in the 1995 Hyogo-ken Nanbu (Kobe)earthquake, has been newly introduced. Back-analyses of 14 damage case histories of abutments wereconducted using the proposed method, and a design threshold value was explored accounting for the performance-based design concept. The back-analyses also unveiled remaining issues and the current status of abutment design against large earthquakes." |
