| "This study attempted to quantify the risk of enteric virus infection of wastewater reuse, and to clarify the necessary reclamation methods for safety. To assess the potential risk associated with the use of reclaimed wastewater in various reuse applications, some exposure scenarios were assumed, and enteric virus concentrations in secondary effluents were monitored at ten wastewater treatment plants for 2 years. The virus concentrations in secondary effluents distributed according to the lognormal curve, and annual infection risks (r) corresponding to the scenarios were calculated using the Monte Carlo method. Then, assuming some virus removal efficiencies (x), annual infection risks (r) were calculated and the relationship between virus removal efficiencies and annual infection risks (r=f (x)) was obtained under each scenario. The necessary virus removal efficiency (xO), satisfying the assumed acceptable annual risk (rO) under the scenario, was calculated using the equation r=f (x). A virus removal method satisfying the virus removal efficiency (xO) was chosen using the existing data of enteric virus removal efficiencies of several reclamation methods." |
