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論文投稿 農業用の水路における季節と生活史段階に応じた魚類の生息場利用

作成年度 2012 年度
論文名 農業用の水路における季節と生活史段階に応じた魚類の生息場利用
論文名(和訳)
論文副題
発表会 応用生態工学(15(2),147-160)
誌名 (記載なし)
巻・号・回
発表年月日 2012/12/01
所属研究室/機関名 著者名(英名)
独立行政法人土木研究所水環境研究グループ自然共生研究センター永山滋也
北海道大学地球環境科学研究院根岸淳二郎
岐阜経済大学久米学
兵庫県立大学自然・環境科学研究所兵庫県立コウノトリの郷公園佐川志朗
岐阜・美濃生態系研究会塚原幸治
抄録
We examined use of small perennial agricultural canals by fish according to sea-sons and life stages and habitat characteristics in 4 regions, southern Gifu, central Japan, in irrigation (June and August) and non-irrigation (September and February) periods. Seasonal changes in the number and size composition of six dominant fish species showed that the canals function as habitat for growing and overwintering. Total abundance of all fish species was higher in earth canals, which had natural bed materials, than in concrete canals in all study periods other than August. Fish diversity was higher in earth canals than in concrete canals only in winter (February). Abundance of each of most dominant fish species was positively related to the bed materials, such as silt, sand, or gravel, in warmer seasons (from June to September). In winter, that was primarily explained by cover ratio or water depth. In addition, we found close positive relationship between bitterling and mussel abundance in three study periods including spawning and other seasons. These habitat characteristics according to the study periods were satisfied in earth canals. Our findings suggest that a set of natural bed materials and covers, such as bank vegetation and undercut bank, is important when canals are considered as fish habitat throughout irrigation and non-irrigation periods including winter. Therefore, the bank-lined canal with natural bed should be adopted for canal construction and modification, although unlined earth canal is ideal. If the canal bed is necessarily lined, the hydrological conditions that allow sediment deposition should be ensured.
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